Losing one’s voice after an operation is very traumatic, and for patients with throat cancer, it becomes an added burden. India witnesses about 25,000-30,000 throat cancer cases each year, out of which at least 5,000 patients stand to lose their voice box due to the advanced stages of the disease.

Thanks to Dr. Vishal Rao, head and neck surgeon at Bengaluru-based HCG Hospital who has come up with a simple and affordable voice box prosthesis, patients can ‘speak’ again and swallow food.

According to Rao, one of the major disadvantages for throat cancer patients is the loss of their voice box when they undergo laryngectomy, the surgical removal of larynx. This is a hollow muscular organ forming an air passage to the lungs and holds the vocal cords.

Rao, a visiting scholar to the Pittsburgh School of Medicine in the US, says, “The larynx houses the vocal cords through which sound is produced. It also lets air travel from the lungs to the mouth. During laryngectomy, when the trachea (windpipe) and esophagus (food pipe) are separated from each other, an opening is created between them which is called the tracheo-esophageal puncture. The device is placed in this opening. Though the patients can eat through their mouths but they cannot speak due to the absence of the voice box.” Once he saw a villager who couldn’t speak for 16 years because he could not afford the imported device. Rao thought, speech and communication are not only the basic tenet to life force but a right to freedom, peace, dignity and justice. “These poor patients were bereft of this essential means of communication owing to costs only,” he says.

Rao realised there was a need for an improved device with a one-way valve enabling laryngectomy patients to speak. In 2013, he started researching on this problem. He and his industrialist friend Shashank Mahesh came up with a technical plan to develop such a device. After working for two years with engineers, physicists, biomedical and material experts, the voice box was built.

Explaining his innovation, the 37-year-old doctor adds, “Regaining one’s voice is much like a rebirth. We have named the artificial voice box as Aum device, because that sound first resonated across the universe. If air passes through the food pipe into the lungs, it will vibrate and create noise, which can be converted into intelligent speech, with coordination from the brain. As food or water should not fall into the lungs, it is a one-way valve device. It weighs about 25 grams and is 2.5 cm long.”

An imported prosthesis is available for Rs 20,000-45,000 and needs to be changed once in six months. “As 80 per cent of patients belong to the poor socio-economic strata, a majority of them are unable to afford the western prosthesis. Our innovation comes as a boon to them. We have priced it at Rs 50, which is less than a dollar at the moment. Presently, there is a clinical study going on at HCG, after which we will take it to other cities, especially to the regional cancer centres where there is a need for such device,” says Rao.

He has used the device on a few patients. Ramakrishna, a 55-year-old watchman from Bengaluru needed to change his imported prosthesis but could not afford it. “When my voice box was removed,  I was given an imported machine, which  I used for two years. I had trouble eating as the food leaked through the device. I am doing better after using the Indian device,” says Ramakrishna.

With more than 20 national and international publications to his credit, Rao has also received many global awards.

source: http://www.newindianexpress.com / The New Indian Express / Home> LifeStyle> Health / by Meera Bharadwaj / March 26th, 2016